Section 1915.12(a)(3). One hundred percent lower explosive limit (100% LEL) denotes an atmosphere in which gas is at its lower flammable limit.

For more information about the variation in the minimum autoignition temperature measured using small variations in conditions,

32. Shepherd Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA 91125, USA K.O.

The flammability limits based on the volume percent of hydrogen in oxygen at 14.7 psia (1 atm, 101 kPa) are 4.0 and 94.0." Because vapors have both upper and lower flammability limits, the conditions in which fire is possible are constrained.

See Thread798-33615 which has just been revived and has a useful discussion on flammability as well as some references. If the concentration of the gas is below the LEL value, the mix between the gas itself and the air is too weak to spark. For example, the concentration of gasoline vapor in a closed gasoline tank is above the flammability limit (too rich) and therefore will not ignite. Flammability limits Flammability requires a fuel and oxygen together. Some features of the site may not work correctly. Section 1915.11(b) Definition of "Upper explosive limit." In other words, the mixture is “too lean” to burn. To view references for this page before continuing Fire point is the lowest temperature at which a material can produce vapors fast enough to support continuous combustion [4, 6-7]. Influences of ethane on the flammable limits and explosive oxygen concentration of methane with nitrogen dilution, Flammability parameters of liquified natural gas, Effect of super-ambient conditions on the upper explosion limit of ethane/oxygen and ethylene/oxygen mixtures, Flammability of gases in focus of European and US standards, Experimental and theoretical study of flammability limits of hydrocarbon–CO 2 mixture, Critical Explosible Oxygen Concentration of Methanol-Saturated Vapor/O2/N2 Mixtures at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures, Numerical study of influence of initial pressures and temperatures on the lower flammability limits of oxygenated fuels in air, Influence of initial pressure and temperature on flammability limits of hydrogen–air, Flammability of methane, propane, and hydrogen gases, Flammability of gas mixtures containing volatile organic compounds and hydrogen. Ross and J.E. Flammable liquid: A liquid that has a closed-cup flash point that is below 37.8 degrees C (100 degrees F) and a maximum vapor pressure of 2068 mm Hg (40 psia) at 37.8 degrees C. [1].


The relationship between percent LEL and percent by volume differs from gas to gas. You can get a good idea of the flammable limits in Oxygen by constructing a flammability diagram as a complete oxygen/flammable/inert(N2) triangle and use the 79% N2 21% O2 line as the air line reference which contains the familiar limits in air.

The upper and lower flammability limits of methane in air are located on this line, as shown.


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