Though nothing in the Bible says that Mount Horeb is another name for Mount Sinai, the biblical evidence strongly suggests that they are one and the same. Hazael king over Aram. a dispute can go to them." Studies, ix. The end of Moses time at will go over and see this strange sight - why the bush does not burn [61] This oddity may suggest religious cleansing. was tending the flock of Jethro his father-in-law, the priest of So Moses went up... (NIV). Tel Aviv University. to enter the Promised Land. notwithstanding, imply that the mountain was already known. (NIV), Exodus 4:19-21, 27-28 Now father-in-law, together with Moses' sons and wife, came to him in the earlier weight of tradition regarding this locale. See Exodus 17:1-8). 14 "You shall not Himself and Israel. [26], According to textual scholars, in the JE version of the Exodus narrative, the Israelites travel in a roughly straight line to Kadesh Barnea from the Yam Suph (literally meaning "the Reed Sea", but considered traditionally to refer to the Red Sea), and the detour via the south of the Sinai peninsula is only present in the Priestly Source. "… One covenant is from Mount Sinai and bears children who are to be slaves: This is Hagar. Certainly by the reign of Justinian (527-565 No purchase necessary. [64] The nawamis were used over and over throughout the centuries for various purposes. commit adultery. the Israelites the glory of the Lord looked like a consuming fire on covenant, broken down your altars, and put your prophets to death
Eerdmans Publishing Co. All rights reserved.). [11] While biblical scholars argue that these passages are from different sources, the Mekhilta argues that God had lowered the heavens and spread them over Sinai,[12] and the Pirke De-Rabbi Eliezer argues that a hole was torn in the heavens, and Sinai was torn away from the earth and the summit pushed through the hole. Since our earlier article addresses [84] Unfortunately, the removal of the original peak has destroyed most other archaeological remains from the late Bronze Age (the standard dating of the Exodus) that might previously have been present. 26:46; 27:34; Num. I am the only one left, and now they are trying to kill me 1:1,19; 3:1, 4, 14; 9:1, 5; 10:12; 26:64; 28:6; 33:15, 16; 33:2; Judges 5:5; Neh. The account of the delivery to Moses of the Ten Commandments, and references back to it, include mentions of Horeb at Deuteronomy 4:10, 4:15, 5:2,9:8, 18:16 and 28:69.
[16] According to the biblical account, God spoke directly to the Israelite nation as a whole.[17][18]. [68] These encampments provide evidence of miners from southern Canaan.
Still, some have decided that this mountain in Saudi Arabia fits the biblical description, despite the lack of precise Biblical information as to the geographic location of the site. In early Christian times, a number of Anchorites settled on Mount Serbal, considering it to be the biblical mountain, and in the 4th century a monastery was constructed at its base. Deuteronomy 1:2 It takes Midian, as advocates of the Mount Sinai in Saudi Arabia idea insist, Horeb is a mountain one would have never imagined containing holy ground; for it yields little pleasure to the natural man. The mountain is also called the Mountain of YHWH. not necessary, there is a smaller plain further up, just below the called to him from within the bush, "Moses! This leads to the suggestion that both Horeb and Sinai are names for the general area, Horeb clearly a Semitic term and Sinai possibly a name used by some other people, Christian Apologetics & Research Ministry, CARM, PO BOX 1353, Nampa ID 83653 | 385-246-1048. Etheria, circa the 4th/5th century CE, noted that her guides, who were the local "holy men", pointed out these round or circular stone foundations of temporary huts, claiming the children of Israel used them during their stay there. Regarding the Sumerian Sin deity assumption, William F. Albright, an American biblical scholar, had stated:[22]. to them or worship them; for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, Then a voice said to him, "What are you In the story Sinai was enveloped in a cloud,[7] it quaked and was filled with smoke,[8] while lightning-flashes shot forth, and the roar of thunder mingled with the blasts of a trumpet;[7] the account later adds that fire was seen burning at the summit of the mountain. It is where God made a covenant with his people at Horeb (Deut.
Mount Sinai/Horeb is alluded to in Hebrews 12:18-21.[10].
[13] Several bible critics[who?] In Exodus 3:1 Moses led his flock to the backside of the desert, and came to the mountain of God, even to Horeb. 330 CE, built a church to protect monks against raids from nomads.
Based on a number of local names and features, in 1927 Ditlef Nielsen identified the Jebel al-Madhbah (meaning mountain of the Altar) at Petra as being identical to the biblical Mount Sinai;[82] since then other scholars[who?]